In a noteworthy shift, Netflix has chosen to discontinue the global streaming of uncensored cuts of Indian films, aligning itself with the regulatory framework of the Central Board of Film Certification (CBFC). This move is particularly significant in India, where Netflix was one of the last streaming services allowing the exhibition of films before obtaining CBFC approval. The decision, however, has raised concerns about the influence of censorship on creative expression and the streaming giant’s deviation from its earlier practices.
The Censorship Transition
The Censorship TransitionNetflix’s policy change became evident through a review of films released in the current year. The streaming service, known for its diverse and uncensored content, has now adapted a new approach, streaming only versions that have undergone CBFC scrutiny. This marks a departure from its previous stance of offering uncut versions of films, especially those containing political references.
Political References Scrubbed
The film “Bheed,” set during the pandemic, serves as an example of this shift. The original version featured voice-overs of Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Delhi Chief Minister Arvind Kejriwal, alongside various political references. The CBFC insisted on significant edits, which Netflix chose to abide by for global streaming. This template is now being applied universally, contradicting Netflix’s internal policies on certain forms of censorship.
Global Censorship Impact
Global Censorship ImpactThe impact of this shift is evident in films like “Leo,” starring Tamil actor Vijay, which faced global censorship on Netflix despite being released uncut in overseas markets. Similarly, “OMG 2,” a film centered on sex education, was censored even after receiving an ‘A’ rating for adults. The removal of depictions of actor Akshay Kumar as the Hindu deity Shiva led to the director expressing dissatisfaction with Netflix’s decision in interviews with entertainment publications.
Indirect Empowerment of Censor Board
Netflix’s adoption of this practice effectively gives the CBFC indirect powers over content accessible to Indians globally, even on an online platform. Beyond political references, the CBFC has also exerted control over mentions of prominent business personalities, further influencing the content viewers are exposed to.
Streaming Services’ Socio-Political Scrutiny
Streaming Services’ Socio-Political ScrutinyThe move towards increased scrutiny is not unique to Netflix. Other streaming services have also faced socio-political scrutiny, particularly in original series. Fears of online backlash and legal action have led to strict evaluations of content commissioned by these platforms. The Screenwriters Association highlighted the pressure on writers to sign agreements indemnifying producers in case of socio-political backlash.
Contrast with Licensed Content
While original series face heightened scrutiny, licensed content, which passes through the CBFC, has largely escaped similar evaluations. The Cinematograph Act and IT Rules, 2021, governing cinemas and streaming services, do not explicitly mandate streaming platforms to run CBFC-cut films online. However, many OTT platforms choose to follow this protocol, making Netflix’s deviation from this norm notable.
Netflix’s Historical Stance
Netflix’s history in India reflects a mix of both uncensored and censored content. During its launch in the country, the platform included uncut versions of films rejected by the censor board, such as Bengali filmmaker Q’s “Gandu” and the documentary “The Pink Mirror.” However, instances like the release of the theatrically censored cut of “Angry Indian Goddesses” in 2017, followed by a reversal due to complaints, showcase the evolving nature of Netflix’s censorship policies.
Netflix’s decision to cease global streaming of uncensored Indian films underscores the complex interplay between creative freedom and regulatory compliance. The move raises questions about the influence of censorship, both from regulatory bodies and societal pressures, on the content available to audiences. As streaming services navigate this delicate balance, the impact on creative expression and the viewer’s right to diverse perspectives becomes a focal point of discussion in India’s evolving digital entertainment landscape.
